Two years in, the Inflation Reduction Act is lowering health care costs and creating a clean energy jobs boom in Michigan

The Inflation Reduction Act ensured that 63,000 Michiganders were able to keep their health insurance, reduced the cost of insulin for nearly 67,000 Michigan seniors, and incentivized manufacturers to invest in the state and create more clean energy jobs.

Two years ago today, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) was signed into law.

The legislation represented the largest-ever investment in fighting climate change, lowered health care and prescription drug costs, raised taxes on corporations, and boosted funding for the Internal Revenue Service to go after wealthy tax cheats.

The bill was passed with only Democratic votes—including those of Michigan Sens. Gary Peters and Debbie Stabenow—with every Republican in Congress voting against it, despite its potentially transformative impact on the economy and the nation’s clean energy infrastructure.

Here are some highlights of how the Inflation Reduction Act has impacted Michigan:

Lower health care and prescription drug costs

The Inflation Reduction Act extended generous subsidies that helped make Affordable Care Act (ACA) health insurance plans more affordable for working- and middle-class families.

Those subsidies were introduced as part of President Joe Biden’s American Rescue Plan of 2021, and were set to expire at the end of 2022, but the IRA extended them through the end of 2025.

Roughly 63,000 Michiganders were set to lose their individual coverage and become uninsured had those subsidies expired at the end of 2022, but thanks to the Inflation Reduction Act, those people got to keep their insurance.

The IRA also reformed Medicare to lower drug costs for many of the roughly 1.8 million Michigan seniors with Medicare Part D coverage, which covers prescription drugs.

For example, beginning last year, all vaccines covered under Medicare Part D are free, and the bill implemented a $35 monthly cap on insulin for Medicare recipients.

As a result, nearly 67,000 Michigan seniors on Medicare who use insulin are now charged no more than $35 per month for an insulin prescription. 

The IRA will also implement a $2,000 cap on Medicare recipients’ annual out-of-pocket prescription drug costs, beginning in 2025. In Michigan, an estimated 672,860 seniors are expected to save $356 a year each due to this provision, according to an analysis by the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Additionally, the law authorized Medicare to negotiate prices for expensive drugs with pharmaceutical companies for the first time. On Thursday, the Biden-Harris administration announced the new, lower prices of 10 expensive and widely-used drugs that were selected last year for the first round of negotiations.

The negotiations — which used the power of Medicare to lower drug costs for seniors — are expected to save taxpayers about $6 billion in 2026, when they go into effect. The new prices will be anywhere from 38% to 79% lower than the drugs’ list prices last year, saving seniors on Medicare an estimated $1.5 billion in out-of-pocket costs in 2026 alone. 

Fighting climate change and saving families money on energy

Arguably the most critical element of the IRA is its provisions to reduce emissions that cause climate change and drive extreme weather events. The law aims to do this by establishing a mix of tax credits for companies and rebates for consumers in order to make the manufacturing and consumption of clean energy technologies and products cheaper. 

In other words: by making clean energy—like solar, wind, and hydropower—cheaper to produce and use, the IRA seeks to hasten the transition away from fossil fuels that are one of the biggest sources of emissions.

For example, under the law, manufacturers get subsidies for building electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy products, and utilities get credits for choosing solar and wind energy over fossil fuel plants.

As of 2024, the Inflation Reduction Act has spurred $26.6 billion in new clean energy investments in Michigan and created 21,748 new clean energy jobs statewide, according to Climate Power.

In Michigan, several manufacturers have already taken advantage of the IRA’s incentives.

For example, Ford Motor Co. announced plans earlier last year to invest $3.5 billion into building the first automaker-backed lithium iron phosphate battery plant in the United States. Production of the plant is set to begin in 2026, and once operational, the location will create 2,500 jobs. 

Auburn Hills-based BorgWarner Inc., an automotive parts manufacturer, also announced plans last year to invest $20.6 million into the company’s three existing Michigan-based facilities and into developing a new electric vehicle battery service center. The company was awarded a 12-year Industrial Facilities Tax Exemption Certificate by the city of Warren following its expansion and is using the facility as an EV battery service center. BorgWarner is expected to add 50 additional jobs by May 2025. This is in addition to the 186 jobs the total expansion will add to the metro Detroit area once completed. 

The IRA also provided $80 billion in financial rebates for millions of households to adopt those clean energy products, such as electric vehicles, solar panels, and more efficient heat pumps.

More than three million American households took advantage of the IRA’s subsidies for homeowners last year, which led to a combined savings of $8 billion, according to data from the Treasury Department. This includes 117,310 Michigan households that saved over $134 million, or $1,143 per household on average.